Green Synthesis of Bio-ZnO Nanoparticles via Aloe Vera Powder-Assisted Sol–Gel Method with Antibacterial Properties

Muhamad Fikri Shohur; Zawati Harun; Muhamad Zaini Yunos; Mohd Riduan Jamalludin; Siti Khadijah Hubadillah; Nurul Syazwani Mansor

doi:10.58915/aset.v5i1.3206

Authors

Muhamad Fikri Shohur Kolej Vocational Kerian
Zawati Harun Kolej Vocational Kerian & Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia
Muhamad Zaini Yunos Kolej Vocational Kerian
Mohd Riduan Jamalludin Universiti Malaysia Perlis
Siti Khadijah Hubadillah Universiti Utara Malaysia
Nurul Syazwani Mansor Kolej Vocational Kerian

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.58915/aset.v5i1.3206

Keywords:

Bio-ZnO NPs, Aloe vera powder, Green Synthesis, Sol-gel method

Abstract

This study presents the green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (bio-ZnO NPs) using Aloe vera powder as a natural reducing and stabilizing agent through the sol–gel method. The use of Aloe vera powder eliminates the need for toxic chemicals and simplifies the synthesis process, thereby promoting sustainability in nanomaterial fabrication. The obtained bio-ZnO NPs were characterized by UV–Vis spectroscopy, FTIR, XRD, FESEM, TEM, and EDX analyses. Results confirmed the successful formation of wurtzite hexagonal ZnO with uniform nanoscale morphology. The optical band gap was found to decrease slightly with increasing Aloe vera concentration, indicating the influence of phytochemical compounds on crystal growth and electronic structure. Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli demonstrated significant inhibition zones, suggesting strong biological functionality of the synthesized nanoparticles. This work highlights the effectiveness of Aloe vera powder as a sustainable and low-cost precursor for producing high-quality ZnO nanoparticles with potential applications in environmental and antimicrobial technologies.

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