Phytoremediation of Aquaculture Wastewater Using Persicaria odorata and Oenanthe javanica

Siti Kamariah Md Sa’at; Hirun Azaman Ismail; Seri Sumbawarni Haryani

doi:10.58915/aset.v4i2.2703

Authors

Siti Kamariah Md Sa’at Universiti Malaysia Perlis
Hirun Azaman Ismail Universiti Malaysia Perlis
Seri Sumbawarni Haryani Universiti Malaysia Perlis

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.58915/aset.v4i2.2703

Keywords:

Aquaculture Wastewater, Oenanthe javanica, Persicaria odorata, Phytoremediation, Water Quality

Abstract

This study evaluates the phytoremediation potential of Oenanthe javanica and Persicaria odorata for treating aquaculture wastewater over a 28-day treatment duration. Plant growth and water quality parameters were monitored to assess performance. P. odorata showed a higher relative growth rate (0.043 cm/day) than O. javanica (0.036 cm/day), suggesting better adaptability to aquatic conditions. Although most effluent parameters met acceptable aquaculture standards, Total Ammonia Nitrogen (TAN) remained elevated at 0.41 mg/L, exceeding the optimal threshold of 0.3 mg/L. P. odorata exhibited superior contaminant removal, reducing TAN by 26.79%, nitrate by 30.56%, and total dissolved solids (TDS) by 17.96%. In contrast, O. javanica achieved lower removal efficiencies: 11.39% for TAN, 25.00% for nitrate, and 11.81% for TDS. These results suggest that P. odorata is more effective in improving aquaculture wastewater quality, offering a viable, plant-based approach to mitigate nutrient loads. This study supports the integration of P. odorata in aquaculture systems as a sustainable and low-cost phytoremediation strategy.

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