Development of 3.5GHz enhanced graphene patch antenna for 5G applications

Abstract

This paper explores the development of a circular patch antenna designed for 5G applications at 3.5 GHz. Enhanced graphene polylactic acid filaments were utilized to create 3D printed substrates with improved electrical and mechanical properties. Rapid prototyping techniques, specifically 3D printing and automated xurography, were employed to craft the antenna's conductive structures. The integration of nanomaterials into the substrate not only improved the antenna's performance but also addressed challenges related to dielectric constants, potentially eliminating the need for multiple board types. The prototype demonstrated a notable -47.9 dB return loss (S11) and a bandwidth of 3.63 GHz. This study highlights the potential of combining nanotechnology with rapid prototyping in antenna design, offering a cost-effective solution for small-scale laboratories. The proposed methodology supports green technology initiatives, the Environment, Social and Global (ESGs) values and ensures safety in nanomaterial handling, paving the way for advancements in nanoelectronics.