A Conceptual Ergonomic Study on Upper Body Extremities of Female Operators in Composite Manual Hand Layup in the Aviation Industry

Abstract

This conceptual paper explores the ergonomic challenges faced by female operators performing manual hand layup tasks in the Malaysian aviation industry. Despite the significant anthropometric differences between genders, workstations and tools in this male-dominated sector often remain standardized. This study proposes a multi-methodological framework to evaluate the risk of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) specifically in the upper body extremities. The proposed approach integrates subjective assessments, such as the Cornell Musculoskeletal Discomfort Questionnaire (CMDQ), with objective postural analysis tools (RULA and REBA) and physiological measurements using surface Electromyography (sEMG). The expected outcomes of this study include the identification of specific postural risks and the correlation between physical repetitive work and mental workload. Ultimately, this research aims to provide a theoretical foundation for gender-specific ergonomic interventions, enhancing the safety, comfort, and productivity of female operators in composite manufacturing.