Gutter Cleaning Tool Concept for Mitigating Ergonomics Risk Among Drainage Cleaners in Residential Areas

Abstract

Manual drainage maintenance in Malaysia is critical for flood prevention but exposes sanitation workers to severe musculoskeletal risks. This study aimed for an ergonomic gutter cleaning tool to mitigate physical strain and enhance efficiency in residential areas. Ergonomic assessments using the Cornell Musculoskeletal Discomfort Questionnaire (CMDQ) and Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) revealed critical biomechanical stress on the hands, wrists, and neck. All participants recorded an overall RULA score of 7, indicating the highest risk level and a need for immediate intervention. Following the Ulrich and Eppinger design framework, five concepts were evaluated. The final selection, Concept 2+, is a hybrid design featuring an adjustable aluminum handle (154–169 cm) with a secure twist-lock mechanism and an optimized ABS scoop. By accommodating varying worker heights and improving scoop geometry, the tool addresses awkward postures such as excessive bending and repetitive wrist deviation. Implementation of this ergonomic solution is expected to reduce the risk of cumulative trauma disorders and improve maintenance productivity.