A Systematic Literature Review on Cinematic Virtual Reality Design Elements

Abstract

This systematic literature review explores how design elements in Cinematic Virtual Reality (CVR) are identified, categorised, and evaluated in relation to user experience (UX) outcomes. A total of 844 peer- reviewed studies published between 2015 and 2025 were analysed. The findings reveal six key experiential
categories—Immersion and Presence, Interactivity, Navigation, Comfort of Use, Cognitive Load, and Narrative Engagement—that structure the influence of design strategies on UX. Within these categories, specific elements such as high-fidelity visuals, adaptive playback, gaze-based interaction, and guided navigation were found to enhance dimensions like presence, emotional engagement, usability, and cognitive clarity. Evaluation methods varied across studies, combining subjective instruments (e.g., questionnaires and interviews) with objective techniques (e.g., gaze tracking and behavioural analysis). This review not only clarifies the current landscape of CVR design and assessment but also highlights critical gaps in narrative structure, cognitive regulation, and user agency. The findings provide a conceptual foundation for developing a user-centric model to improve UX in CVR environments.