A Numerical Analysis of Non-Darcian Forchheimer Free Convective Flow in a Vertical Channel with Thermal Radiation

Abstract

This article investigates the influence of temperature-dependent viscosity and thermal radiation on free convective flow in a vertical channel. incorporating a Forchheimer equation in the momentum equation. The governing equations are formulated and solved numerically using the finite difference method (FDM). The effects of various parameters such as the Forchheimer number(Fr), radiation parameter(R), viscosity variation index(λ), and Grashof number(Gr) on the velocity and temperature profiles are analyzed. The results indicate that the inclusion of the Forchheimer equation significantly affects the thermal and flow fields, providing deeper insights into the heat transfer mechanisms in porous media.