Application of Shewhart Control Chart in Monitoring Road Accident Fatalities in Kelantan

Abstract

A traffic accident was defined as an incident involving at least one vehicle on a public road that results in the injury or death of at least one person. The rate and the actual number of road fatalities have increased significantly in a number of developed countries. Accidents can occur in distinct locations and in a variety of situations, making it hard to identify which areas are likely
to cause an accident. This information is required by the communities and the respective authorities to enforce the law. This study was conducted to monitor the stability of road accident fatalities in Kelantan for the year 2019 by using Shewhart control chart, according to the number of road accident fatalities every four weeks. The control chart for variable such as mean and standard deviation control charts were constructed. Based on the findings, the number of road accident fatalities every four weeks’ data in Kelantan for the year 2019 was in statistical control. Hence, all the control limits of mean value Shewhart control charts can be used as a tool to monitor the road accident fatalities in Kelantan. If the cases were more than 10 cases, the road traffic authorities should take an appropriate action to overcome this out of control situation. In this study, the mean number of road accident fatalities in Kelantan was 6 cases per week, with Kota Bharu having the highest total number of cases in Kelantan, while Jeli had the lowest. Hence, Kelantan contributed 5.2% of the cases out of the total weekly cases in Malaysia for the year 2019. The findings of this study can be used by the authorities to prevent and reduce the number of road accident cases in Kelantan, as well as in other Malaysian states. It is recommended for future studies to consider other types of statistical control charts and other scopes of accident data for better findings.